GA 18 & 19

GA Standard 18 & 19 Review
SSUSH18 The student will describe Franklin Roosevelt’s New Deal as a response to the depression and compare the ways governmental programs aided those in need.
SSUSH19 The student will identify the origins, major developments, and the domestic impact of World War II, especially the growth of the federal government.

Fill in the blank using the word pool.
President Franklin Roosevelt offered a “New Deal” to help Americans escape the Great Depression. He succeeded in having many pieces of legislation passed in his first 100 days in office. In 1933, Congress created the Tennessee Valley Authority as a way to employ Americans while accomplishing necessary environmental changes such as flood control. During this time, workers gained additional protections such as collective bargaining. The National Labor Relations (or Wagner) Act of 1935 protected the rights of most workers in the private sector to organize labor unions, engage in collective bargaining, and to take part in strikes and other activities in support of their demands. One very important law was the Social Security Act, which established a system of old-age benefits for workers, benefits for victims of industrial accidents, and others who might have difficulty taking care of themselves.
Eleanor Roosevelt was the wife of Franklin Roosevelt, and was an example of an independent, intelligent woman. President Roosevelt’s plan to reorganize the judiciary was called the “court packing bill”, and allowed Roosevelt to appoint many Supreme Court Justices who were sympathetic to his goals.

Choose the correct leader.
1. Emperor of Japan during WWII. _
2. Led the U.S. during the second half of the Great Depression and WWII. _
3. Head of the Nazis and Germany’s Third Reich. _
4. Prime Minister of Great Britain during WWII. _
5. Dictator of the Soviet Union at the beginning of WWII. _
6. Italy’s WWII Fascist leader. _
A. Franklin Roosevelt B. Adolf Hitler C. Winston Churchill D. Hirohito (Showa) E. Joseph Stalin F. Benito Mussolini

List the battles in correct order and choose their significance. See #1 for example.
1. Attack on Pearl Harbor, C.
2. Battle of the Atlantic, A.
3. Battle of Stalingrad, G.
4. Battle of Midway, B.
5. Battle of Leyte Gulf, E.
6. D-Day, F.
7. Bombing of Nagasaki, D.
A. The continual struggle during WWII for U.S. ships to cross the Atlantic Ocean without destruction from Axis submarines.
B. The ocean battle fought entirely in the air which resulted in the sinking of 4 Japanese carriers.
C. The Japanese attack which brought the U.S. into WWII.
D. The second nuclear strike on Japan which ended WWII.
E. The largest naval battle in history.
F. First day of the Allied invasion of Western Europe.
G. Huge battle in the Soviet Union which ended the expansion in European territory by Germany.

Define

totalitarian: a government that has total control over the nation and citizen lives.
facism: a political philosophy that emphasizes the importance of the nation or an ethnic group, and the supreme authority of the leader over the individual.
Nazism: an extreme form of facism used in Germany.
Axis Powers: during WWII, Italy, Germany, and Japan.
appeasement: giving in to competitor’s demands to preserve the peace.
blitzkrieg: Germany’s “lightning war” method of rapid air and land attack used during WWII.
Allies: in WWII, Great Britain, the U.S., Soviet Union, and other allied nations.
Manchurian Incident: Japan’s seizure of Manchuria in 1932.
cash and carry: U.S. policy that allowed sales of nonmilitary goods to countries engaged in war as long as the nations paid cash and transported the goods themselves.
American First Committee: tried to stop U.S. aid to Great Britain before WWII.
Lend-Lease Act: allowed the president to loan arms to friendly countries.
Selective Training and Service Act: forced male Americans between 21 and 36 to register for military service.
GI: “Government Issue”; slang for a U.S. serviceman.
Office of War Mobilization: agency created to lead other agencies in the war effort.
Liberty ships: large, sturdy merchant ships built during WWII.
victory garden: a home garden to supplement food supplies during WWII.
carpet bombing: dropping large numbers of bombs over a wide area.
concentration camps: places where political prisoners are held.
genocide: deliberate destruction of an entire ethnic or cultural group.
death camps: facilities built to allow executions of large groups of people.

Answer
1. The invasion of what European country by the Soviet Union and Germany began WWII?
Poland.

Bonus: What was the name of the U.S. project which created the first atomic weapons?
The Manhattan Project